What Happens During a Home Inspection? A Step-by-Step Guide for Homebuyers

Buying a home is a big step. One of the most important parts of the process is the home inspection. A home inspection helps you understand the true condition of the property before you buy. If you’ve never been through one, you may wonder what happens, how long it takes, and what inspectors look for.

This guide explains the home inspection process from start to finish, so you know exactly what to expect and how to prepare.

What Is a Home Inspection?

A home inspection is a visual review of a home’s main systems and structure. A licensed home inspector checks the condition of the property and looks for safety issues, damage, or needed repairs.

The inspection does not decide if you should buy the home. Instead, it gives you clear facts so you can make a smart decision.

Home inspections are usually done after your offer is accepted but before closing.

How Long Does a Home Inspection Take?

Most home inspections take 2 to 4 hours, depending on:

• The size of the home
  
  
• The age of the property
  
  
• The condition of visible systems
  
  

Larger or older homes may take longer. The inspector needs enough time to carefully check all accessible areas.

Should You Attend the Home Inspection?

Yes, attending the inspection is highly recommended.

Being present allows you to:

• See issues firsthand
  
  
• Ask questions during the inspection
  
  
• Learn basic home maintenance tips
  
  

The inspector can explain findings in simple terms, which helps you understand the final report better.

Step-by-Step Home Inspection Process

1. Exterior Inspection

The inspection usually starts outside the home. The inspector checks visible areas for damage, wear, or safety concerns.

This includes:

• Roof shingles, flashing, and gutters
  
  
• Siding, trim, and exterior walls
  
  
• Windows and doors
  
  
• Driveways, walkways, and grading
  
  
• Foundation exterior
  
  
• Decks, porches, and steps
  
  

Proper drainage and foundation condition are especially important, as water problems can lead to costly repairs.

2. Roof and Attic Evaluation

The roof protects the entire home, so it receives close attention.

The inspector looks for:

• Missing or damaged shingles
  
  
• Signs of leaks
  
  
• Proper ventilation
  
  
• Attic insulation
  
  
• Water stains or mold in the attic
  
  

Not all roofs are walked on, but inspectors use ladders, binoculars, or cameras when needed.

3. Structural Components

Next, the inspector checks the home’s structure to ensure it is stable and sound.

This includes:

• Foundation
  
  
• Beams and support columns
  
  
• Floors, walls, and ceilings
  
  

Cracks, uneven floors, or signs of settling are noted in the report.

4. Plumbing System Inspection

Plumbing problems can be expensive, so inspectors carefully examine this system.

They check:

• Visible pipes and fittings
  
  
• Water pressure
  
  
• Faucets and fixtures
  
  
• Toilets and drains
  
  
• Water heater
  
  

Leaks, corrosion, or poor water flow are documented.

5. Electrical System Review

Electrical safety is a major part of any home inspection.

The inspector examines:

• Main electrical panel
  
  
• Circuit breakers
  
  
• Outlets and switches
  
  
• Grounding and bonding
  
  
• Visible wiring
  
  

They also test a sample of outlets to ensure proper function and safety.

6. HVAC System Inspection

The heating and cooling system is tested when weather allows.

This includes:

• Furnace or heat pump
  
  
• Air conditioning unit
  
  
• Thermostat
  
  
• Visible ductwork
  
  

The inspector checks if the system is operating properly but does not perform repairs.

7. Interior Areas Inspection

Inside the home, the inspector reviews all accessible rooms.

They check:

• Walls, ceilings, and floors
  
  
• Windows and doors
  
  
• Stairs and railings
  
  
• Cabinets and countertops
  
  

Signs of water damage, cracks, or poor workmanship are noted.

8. Kitchen and Appliances

The kitchen is inspected for safety and function.

The inspector typically checks:

• Built-in appliances (if included in the sale)
  
  
• Sink and plumbing
  
  
• Electrical outlets
  
  
• Ventilation
  
  

Appliances are tested using normal controls.

9. Bathrooms and Laundry Areas

Bathrooms are common areas for moisture problems.

The inspector checks:

• Toilets, sinks, and tubs
  
  
• Ventilation fans
  
  
• Water pressure
  
  
• Signs of leaks or mold
  
  

Laundry areas are also reviewed for plumbing and electrical safety.

What Home Inspectors Do NOT Check

It’s important to understand the limits of a home inspection.

Most inspections do not include:

• Cosmetic issues (paint color, décor)
  
  
• Underground plumbing
  
  
• Inside walls or ceilings
  
  
• Swimming pools (unless added separately)
  
  
• Pest, radon, or mold testing (unless requested)
  
  

Ask your inspector about optional services if you need additional testing.

The Home Inspection Report

After the inspection, you receive a detailed written report, usually within 24 to 48 hours.

The report includes:

• Written descriptions of findings
  
  
• Photos of issues
  
  
• Safety concerns
  
  
• Maintenance tips
  
  

The report helps buyers decide whether to:

• Move forward with the purchase
  
  
• Request repairs
  
  
• Ask for a price adjustment
  
  

Common Home Inspection Myths

Myth 1: New Homes Don’t Need Inspections

Even new homes can have construction defects or safety issues.

Myth 2: Inspectors Find Every Problem

Inspectors find visible issues, not hidden ones behind walls.

Myth 3: A Bad Inspection Means You Should Walk Away

Most homes have issues. The report helps you understand what’s normal and what’s serious.

How to Prepare for a Home Inspection

If you are the buyer:

• Be on time
  
  
• Ask questions
  
  
• Bring a notepad
  
  

If you are the seller:

• Ensure utilities are on
  
  
• Clear access to attic, electrical panel, and crawl spaces
  
  
• Replace burned-out light bulbs
  
  

Preparation helps the inspection go smoothly.

Why a Professional Home Inspection Matters

A professional home inspection protects your investment. It gives peace of mind, helps avoid surprises, and provides a clear picture of the home’s condition.

For buyers, it’s one of the smartest steps in the home-buying process.

Schedule your professional home inspection with Kelly Home Inspections today and move forward with confidence.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)